持久性有机污染物(POP)：  

是指持久存在于环境中，通过食物链在生物体内积累，并对人体健康及环境产生有害影响，并列入联合国欧洲经济委员会（UNECE）与斯德哥尔摩持久性有机污染物公约（Stockholm Convention on POPs）的化学物质。

持久性有机污染物与持久性、生物累积性和毒性物质为碳基化学物，在环境中难降解，并可在生物体组织内积累，在一定暴露水平下，可对人体健康或环境产生有害影响。持久性有机污染物，特别是持久性、生物累积性和毒性物质，容易从原产地进行长途运输并累积。 

尽管REACH仅处理高持久性的和高生物累积性物质与持久性、生物累积性和毒性物质，但经官方认可的持久性有机污染物是由2004年4月29日发布的法规（EC）850/2004及其后续修正案（例如于2010年8月24日发布的法规（EU）757/2010与（EU）756/2010）进行管制。因为REACH不能降低国际公约与现有欧盟法规的效力，POPs法规通常优先于REACH法规，所以REACH的授权不适用于由法规（EC）850/2004或其后续修正案正式分类为持久性有机污染物的物质。

REACH第61.6条对POPs的规定为：“如果某物质的使用随后在欧洲议会与欧洲理事会于2004年4月29日发布的关于持续性有机污染物的法规（EC）No 850/2004中被限制或禁止，则欧委员会将取消该物质使用授权”。根据公约被授予豁免的物质，则法规850/2004也将授予豁免。 

同样的，一旦物质被列入到POPs法规中，所有REACH法规附录17中的关于该物质的限制和豁免都将被POPs法规中相关的义务所取代。这会导致责任义务要求更加严厉，比如通过减少豁免。 

Persistent organic pollutant (POP) ： 

is a chemical substance that persists in the environment, bioaccumulates through the food chain and poses a risk of causing adverse effects to human  health and the environment falling under the UNECE and Stockholm Convention on POPs. 

POP and PBT substances are carbon-based chemicals that resist degradation in the environment and accumulate in the tissues of living organisms, where they can produce undesirable effects on human health or the environment at certain exposure levels. POPs, specifically, are PBT substances likely to be transported and deposited long distances from their original source. 

Whereas REACH deals with vPvB and PBT, officially recognised POPs are regulated in the EU by Regulation (EC) No 850/2004 of 29 April 2004 and its later amendments (such as Regulation (EU) No 757/2010 and (EU) No 756/2010 of 24 August 2010). Because REACH cannot weaken international conventions and other existing EU legislation, the POP Regulation generally takes precedence over REACH. REACH authorisation therefore cannot be granted for a substance that has been officially classified as a POP under Regulation (EC)  No 850/2004 or one of its later amendments. Reference is made to POPs in Art. 61.6 of REACH where it states “If a use of a substance is subsequently prohibited or otherwise restricted in Regulation (EC) No 850/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on persistent organic pollutants, the Commission shall withdraw the authorisation for that use”. If an exemption is granted under the Convention that will be included in Regulation 850/2004. Similarly, once a substance is added to the EU POP Regulation, restrictions under REACH Annex XVII on that substance and all its granted exemptions will be superseded by the related obligations of the POP Regulation. This may result in more stringent obligations, for example through the loss of exemptions.

分阶段物质： 

指“至少符合以下一项标准的物质” 

a)欧洲现有商业化学品名录(EINECS)中的物质。 

b)于本法规实施前15年内，在欧盟内或于1995年1月1日或2004年5月1日加入欧盟的国家境内至少制造一次，但未由制造商或进口商投放市场，且由制造商或进口商提供文 件证明的物质。 

c)于本法规实施前，由制造商或进口商投放到欧盟内或于1995年1月1日或2004年5月1日加入欧盟的国家境内市场，而且经认定已依照指令67/548/EEC第8(1)条第1段的规定进行通报，但不符合本法规对聚合物的规定，并由制造商或进口商提供文件证明的物质 （REACH第3.20条）。

Phase-in substance：

means “a substance which meets at least one of the following criteria” 

a) It is listed in the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS).

b) It was manufactured in the Community or in the countries acceding to the EU on 1 January 1995 or on 1 May 2004, but not placed on the market by the manufacturer or importer, at least once in the 15 years before the entry into force of this Regulation, provided the manufacturer or importer has documentary evidence of this. 

c) It was placed on the market in the Community, or in the countries acceding to the EU on 1 January 1995 or on 1 May 2004, before entry into force of this Regulation by the manufacturer or importer and was considered as having been notified in accordance with the first indent of Art. 8.1 of Directive 67/548/EEC but does not meet the definition of a polymer as  set out in this Regulation, provided the manufacturer or importer has documentary evidence of this  (Art. 3.20 REACH).

注：EINECS（欧洲现有商业化学品名录）是一个从1971年1月1日到1981年9月18日在欧盟市场上销售的物质的清单，不包括聚合物。它们的识别号码被称为“EINECS号” ，现在被称为“EC号”。 ELINCS（欧洲已通报化学物质名录）是于1981年9月18日后投放市场的物质目录。这些物质已根据被指令79/831/EEC修订的指令67/548/EEC第8.1条规定通报备案，其识别号称为“ELINCS号”。这类物质的正式备案号(ELINCS)大部分以数字“4”开头。根据REACH规定，ELINCS物质被视为已进行REACH注册。查看两个名录，请访问： http://echa.europa.eu/information-onchemicals/ec-inventory

NOTE：EINECS (European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances) is a list of substances, excluding polymers, which had been commercially available in the EU from 01 January 1971 to 18 September 1981. Their identifying number was called “EINECS number”and is now called“EC-number”.  ELINCS (European List of Notified Chemical Substances)  is a list of substances having become commercially  available after 18 September 1981. They were already notified under Art. 8.1 of Directive 67/548/ EEC amended by Directive 79/831/EEC and their identifying number is called“ELINCS number”. Such substances have an official notification number (ELINCS) mainly starting with digit “4”. These ELINCS substances are considered registered under REACH. Both lists are accessible via: https://echa.europa.eu/ information-on-chemicals/ec-inventory

投放市场：

指“以有偿或无偿的方式供第三方使用。进口应视为投放市场”EACH第3.12条）。 

Placing on the market： 

means “supplying or making available, whether in return for payment or free of charge, to a third party.  Import shall be deemed to be placing on the market” (Art. 3.12 REACH).

来源：https://www.automds.cn/page148?article_id=342

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